Directivity Improvement and Aperture Efficiency Enhancement of Waveguide-Fed Profiled Smooth Conical Horn Associated with Dielectric Lens Antenna for Sub-ThzApplications

Abstract

This paper presents the design and the analysis of a combined antenna system. This proposed antenna is created by association of Waveguide-Fed Profiled Smooth Conical Horn (WFPSCH) and Dielectric Lens Antenna (DLA). The proposed design leverages the complementary strengths of both antennas to optimize radiation characteristics, including beamwidth, directivity, sidelobe levels, and polarization purity. The horn antenna provides efficient radiation and acts as a feed to the lens, which enhances focusing and compactness. This combination, WFPSCH and DLA provides a good directivity Improvement and aperture efficiency. The design process is conducted using CST Microwave Studio, version 2024, enabling precise simulation and optimization of the proposed system. The simulation results demonstrate high directivity, improved beam symmetry, and reduced sidelobe levels compared to standalone configurations. The proposed antenna with the size of 28.77× 28.77×37.26mm³ enhance the gain and achieves 36.3dBi in the frequency of 240 GHz. This work highlights the potential of proposed antenna systems for applications in millimeter-wave communication, radar systems, and imaging technologies.