Smart Flood Monitoring and Alert System using IoT with GSM Communication

Abstract

Floods rank among the most destructive natural disasters, especially in low-lying regions and areas lacking insurance coverage. This paper presents an IoT-based solution aimed at enhancing hydrological safety through improved real-time flood detection and early warning capabilities, thereby minimizing potential damage. The proposed system utilizes Arduino Uno microcontrollers at both the transmitter and receiver ends to facilitate efficient data collection and communication. The transmitter unit, powered by a solar panel, is equipped with ultrasonic sensors that continuously monitor predefined water levels. It transmits this data via a SIM800L GSM module to the receiver unit. The receiver displays real-time water levels in a monitoring room and indicates the current risk status using LED indicators categorized into three levels: safe, intermediate, and danger. When abnormal or rising water levels are detected, the system automatically sends warning SMS alerts to the local population. Designed to be modular, scalable, and energy-efficient, the system offers broad coverage for flood monitoring. Its independent monitoring and alerting components make it a reliable and adaptable solution, particularly suitable for deployment in remote or disaster-prone areas.