Cooperative Spectrum Sensing based Novel Network Communication Schemes for Urban, Rural and Sub-Urban Areas

Abstract

Cognitive Radio (CR) is an efficient spectrum sensing technique, which allows the secondary or unlicensed users to access the radio spectrum dynamically and opportunistically without interfering with the services of primary or licensed users. Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (CSS) is a CR spectrum sensing technique, where several nodes act in cooperation to detect the presence or absence of Primary User (PU). In this paper, both centralized and distributed aspects of CSS have been explored to Rural, Sub-Urban and Urban regions, operating under various atmospheric fading conditions. The entire work has been divided into three parts. In the first part, a new voting rule has been incorporated in Centralized CSS for Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) and its performance has been studied in terms of Region of Convergence (ROC) curves and Total Error (T.E.) under different fading conditions. In the second part, Distributed Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (DCSS) approach has been used to develop a Regional Area Network (RAN) for rural region incorporating various voting rules and fading conditions. Subsequently, the performance of this model has been studied considering an important metric, Detection Probability (DP). In the final part, a new region called sub-urban has been introduced in between the urban and rural and a combined model has been proposed and tested for all these regions considering various atmospheric attenuation factors like rain and fog. Finally, the performances of all these models have been compared with some of the existing related works